Cayenne pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

 

    Synonyms:

    -

    Family:

    Solanaceae

Description:

The chili came from tropical America, spread from Mexico to northern South America. In Indonesia, Cabal generally cultivated in coastal areas to the mountains, only occasionally wild. Shrubs erect, 1 to 2.5 m, a year or chronic. Woody stems, jointed-books, branching wide, triangular cross-section, smooth-haired young stems are green. Single leaves, stemmed (0.5 to 2.5 cm in length), the location of spread. Leaf blade ovate to elliptic shape, pointed tip, base tapering, flat edge, peutulangan pinnate, 1.5 to 12 cm long, 1-5 cm wide, green. Single flower, star-shaped, white, out of the armpit leaves. The fruit buni elongated conical, straight or curved, tapered at the edges, hanging, polished surface, the diameter of 1-2 cm, 4-17 cm long, short beutangkai, spicy taste. Young fruit dark green to bright red after cooking. The young seeds are yellow, after dark to brown, flat-shaped, about 4 mm in diameter. Spicy fruit flavors that can shed tears that kiss people, but people still need to increase appetite. Biodiversity chili is quite high. That is, the red Cabal has several varieties and cultivars are distinguished berdasai the shape, size, sharpness, and color of the fruit. Red Cabal can be propagated by seed.

Local Name:

NAME OF Sumatra: Campli, capli (Aceh), ekiji-kiji, kidi-kidi (Enggano), leudeu (Gayo), Lacina (Batak Karo), lasiak, lasina (Toba Batak), pepper sebua (Nias), raro sigoiso ( Mentawai), Lado (Minangkabau), cabi (Lampung), chilli, lasinao (Malay). Java: chili, chilli, Sabrang (Sunda), chilli, mengkreng, chilli (Java), cabhi (Madura), Tabia (Bali): Nusa Tenggara: Sebia (Sasak), the saha, Sabia (Bima), mbaku hau (Sumba) , koro (Flores), Hili (MPA). Borneo: sahang (Banjar), rada (Sampit), sambatu (Ngaju). Sulawesi: rica (Mana-do), can (Sangir), Mareta (Mongondow), malita (Gorontalo), pepper (Napier), fields (Bugis). Maluku: overseas (Seram), siri (Ambon), Kastela (Buru), maricang (Halmahera), rica Lamo (Ternate, Tidore), maresen (Kalawat), rihapuan (Kapaon), riksak (Sarmi), ungun gunah (Berik) . NAME OF FOREIGN La chiao (C), spaanse peper (B), piment, guinea pepper, cayenne pepper, red pepper (I), poivre long (P), beisbeere, spanischer Pfeffer (J). NAME Simplisia Fructus capsici (red chilies).

Curable Disease:

Chili spicy taste, its hot. Fruit efficacious stimulants, increased appetite (stomakik), sweating bullets (diaforetik), stimulating the skin, and as a liniment.

Utilization:

PART USED

The part used is fruit and leaves.

INDICATIONS

The fruit is used for the treatment of rheumatism, ulcers, toothache,: influenza, and improve appetite.

The sap of young leaves are used to: facilitate childbirth.

HOW TO USE

For drugs taken, boiled or 0.5 to 1 g dried fruit, then blend to a powder.

For external use, boiled 0.5 to 1 g of fruit and boiled water is used as a medicine pack. In addition, the chilies can be mixed with other ingredients for liniment. The sap of young leaves are used for the treatment of wounds, ulcers, and toothaches.

EXAMPLE USE IN THE COMMUNITY

Rheumatism

Pour 10 g of powder of red chilies 1/2 cup hot water. Stir until smooth and let stand a few minutes. Results seduhannya smeared on the body of the sick.

Sores, ulcers

Apply vegetable oil on some leaves of chili, then layukan over low heat. Paste the chili leaves while warm on the skin of the injured.

Composition:

Fruit contain capsaicin, dihidrokapsaisin, vitamins (A, C), resins, dyes kapsantin, carotene, kapsarubin, zeasantin, kriptosantin, lutein clan. Moreover, it also contains minerals, such as iron, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, and niacin. Active substance capsaicin efficacious as a stimulant. If someone is eating too much capsaicin will cause a burning sensation in the mouth and tears.